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the study of geometrical properties and spatial relations unaffected by the continuous change of shape or size of figures.
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the way in which constituent parts are interrelated or arranged.“the topology of a computer network”
Topology on a 3D model is basically what makes the model. There’s bad topology and good topology. All of the shapes on a 3D mesh should have no more and no less than 4 sides. Also, they should all be a good enough shape to allow the face for proper movement when in the game. It needs to have an edge flow which means that if you draw a line through the mesh it will have no trouble coming out of the parallel side of the topology.